Shielded metal arc welding definition and general description shielded metal arc welding smaw is an arc welding process in which coalescence of metals is produced by heat from an electric arc that is maintained between the tip of a consumable covered electrode and the surface of the base metal in the joint being welded. Prepare the work piece for welding, including cleaning adjust the stereomicroscope and tungsten electrode orientation. Use of lanl welding procedures and welder qualifications for nonlanl work shall be at the sole risk and. These welding procedures are available for most common structural welding applications. The slag must be chipped off the weld bead after welding. As the degree of dilution is a function not only of the welding process but also of the procedure, the latter must be carried out in such a way that the least possible. Welding procedure specification shielded metal arc weldingsmaw. For everyone involved in any phase of welding steel structuresengineers, detailers, fabricators, erectors, inspectors, etc. Smaw shielded metal arc welding or stick electrode. Numbers in parentheses are obsolete and were removed from the current 1998 version of iso 4063.
Today, most pipe is joined by welding, but this was not always true. Fabrication and installation becht engineering company, inc. This document is not an application manual and does not contain a complete statement of all factors pertaining to those topics. Also known as stick welding, flux shielded arc welding and manual metal arc welding mmaw, this is a relatively uncomplicated process as it uses simple equipment and its fairly straightforward to learn. Revision 01062014 weld filler metal selection chart for shielded metal arc welding smaw for various metal combinations. What does mig, tig, fcaw, smaw, gmaw stand for in welding. Smaw welding, which stands for shielded metal arc welding, is one of the worlds most popular welding processes. Many times a combination of fume extraction, training, process change, andor consumable change is needed to reduce the amount of fume to. Welding procedure qualification record pqr welding parameters followed during weld test actual amperage voltage and travel speed welding procedure.
Examples are fcaw, gmaw machine welding mechanized welding. Pdf teaching of asme ix code to students of gtaw, gmaw. This numbering system will be used on all welding procedure specifications revised or developed in the future. This part of isotr 17671 gives general guidance for the satisfactory production and control of welding, and details some of the possible detrimental phenomena which may occur, with advice on methods by which they may be avoided. Gas tungsten arc welding gtaw or tungsten inert gas tig welding.
Contractors who are members of the national certified welding bureau can guarantee that the welding. Also known as stick welding, flux shielded arc welding and manual metal arc welding mmaw, this is a relatively uncomplicated process. Aufhauser technical guide aluminum welding procedures. Fabrication and installation 5 welder qualification welders are required to use an approved procedure. Ss welding software wpds, wps save your document online and on your computer pdf including csa version of wpss welding procedure specifications, for welding of steels and stainless steels note. Navweld contains the requirements for arc welding, stud welding, brazing and resistance welding according to the following specifications.
Sample welding procedure specifications are available on our website. Refer to local procedures for technical or other specific data. Welding procedure specification wps yes prequalified. Unless specifically required otherwise by the welding variables qw250, a qualification in any position qualifies the procedure for all positions.
This is a list of welding processes, separated into their respective categories. Smaw is an electric arc welding process in which heat for welding is generated by an electric arc between a covered metal electrode and the base metal. View and download lincoln electric stick electrode welding c2. The attached tables provide generally accepted electrode selections for the base materials shown, along with process. Stud welding procedure specification wps yes or procedure. Smaw sheilded metal arc welding the smaw process is an arc welding process which produces coalescence of metal by heating them with an arc between a covered metal electrode and the work. Navweld contains the requirements for arc welding, stud. Rev date 09302014 printed copies of this document are uncontrolled. Preheating, where practicable, andor the use of a temperbead deposition sequence, can also reduce the risk of hydrogen cracking. Welding procedure qualification steps as a summary, welding inspector may be involved with each of the following steps or only a few depend on the structure of the particular organisation select welding variables check equipment and materials for suitability monitor weld joint fit up as well as actual welding. Welding procedure specification shielded metal arc.
Use gas metal arc welding gmaw instead of shielded metal arc welding smaw. This work presents a new way to teach a selection of welding procedures according to the asme ix code for the gtaw, gmaw, smaw, and saw electrical arc welding processes. If other symbols are used, a complete explanation of their meaning shall be given. Welding procedure specification 201030031 0 gtaw gmawsc 1042004 1042004 kg fellers 1042004 pws1921 pws1901 1 1 mild steel all mild steel all. Solutions to a particular application may involve one or all of these factors and the user must determine which. Ultrasonic welding technology was invented and patented in the early 1930s and was originally used for the solidstate welding of metals 41. Describe how to select shielded metal arc welding equipment and supplies. If using a clamp stand, arrange as desired in the work space of the microwelder open the main supply and set to between 3 to 5 liters per minute. The flux covering the electrode melts during welding. Developing a welding procedure specification wps dnv gl. Repair and maintenance welding handbook serpantinas. Shielded metal arc welding smaw is frequently referred to as stick or covered electrode welding.
Gtaw gas tungsten arc welding smaw shielded metal arc welding caca carbon arc cutting process among the newer advanced waveform control technology processes is surface tension. Shielded metal arc welding smaw is the simplest, least expensive, and mostly widely used arc welding process figure 2. A welding procedure specification wps sets broad guidelines for the shop and field. It is solely intended to provide basic information about weld conditions, weld gauges, symbols and weld terms. The smaw process is an arc welding process which produces coalescence of metal by heating them with an arc between a covered metal electrode and the work. Shield metal arc welding smaw also known as manual metal arc welding mmaw page 3 of 21. Foreword this handbook describes various welding materials and techniques available to the seabee welder. Welders visual inspection handbook may 20 note this handbook is not intended to serve as a work procedure or to replace any existing procedures. Typically, operating factors for smaw fall between 10 to 30 percent. Welding procedure specification shielded metal arc welding.
Welding procedure specifications wps presented by john lucas welding engineer uti corporation. Follow recommended internal corrosion protection processes prior to vehicle final assembly. The purpose of the welding handbook for maritime welders is to provide guidance in modern welding and related processes and to provide the welder with a source of practical information on the right solution to specific onboard welding problems. Ensure the work area is clean and clear of grease, oil and any flammable or combustible materials. C, the internal long seam was welded, and the can was moved to an outside station where the seam was backgouged and ground smooth to ensure a quality fullpenetration weld for the outer seam. Manual welding with equipment that automatically controls one or more of the welding conditions. The emphasis is placed upon interchangeability of materials ordinarily found in the naval. Engineering standards manual welding standards manual volume 3 welding procedure specifications api welding procedure specification wps. Stick welding is among the most widely used welding processes. The lanl welding program administrator wpa is responsible for certif ication andor approval of nde personnel in accordance with this procedure. Shielded metal arc welding an overview sciencedirect.
This process uses different equipment to mig and tig welding. Ensure the welding equipment, work area, your gloves and other ppe are close the gas cylinder valve. It is often referred to as stick welding or manual metal arc welding. Shielded metal arc welding, which is also known as stick welding, is the most widely used process. This standard welding procedure specification is an outgrowth of the coordinated work of the welding procedures committee of the welding research council and the aws b2 committee on welding procedure and performance qualification. An introduction to smaw shielded metal arc welding. Experience gained from user contact and welding training of crewmembers showed that. International standards as well as shipbuilding rules, for e. Welding procedure data sheets shall require a new welding procedure specification and or welding procedure data sheet. The arc welding is a fusion welding process in which the heat required to fuse the metal is obtained from an electric arc between the base metal and an electrode. Welding procedure specificaton wps btc gmaw 9010 2011 prequalified per aws d1.
Procedure qualification records pqr records of welding data used when welding a test coupon and which identify the essential, supplementary essential, and nonessential variables recorded during the welding of the test coupon and the test results of tested specimens. Shielded metal arc welding, otherwise known as manual metal arc welding or flux shielded arc welding, is a process that uses a fluxcoated electrode. The purpose of a welding procedure qualification is to provide test data for assessing the properties of a weld joint. Welding, now considered the best method for connecting pipe, is used even in the most demanding highpressure and hightemperature service. Welding with equipment that requires manual adjustment of the. Guidelines for shielded metal arc welding smaw warning this document contains general information about the topics discussed herein. Shielded metal arc welding smaw, also known as manual metal arc welding mma or mmaw, flux shielded arc welding or informally as stick welding, is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode covered with a flux to lay the weld an electric current, in the form of either alternating current or direct current from a welding. The company shall have welding procedure specifications for each welding process in use, outlining the general welding procedure to be followed in the construction of weldments built in accordance with the governing design or manufacturing standard, or both. Welding procedure specification wps may be generated by an authorized person i. Standard welding procedure american welding society. A sdvosb service disabled veteran owned small business.
The arc and molten metal are shielded by a blanket of granular flux. An arc welding process that uses an arc between a bare metal electrode and the weld pool. Prequalified process smaw process type manual positions flat, horizontal base metals only steels in category a of table 3. Welding procedure specification 7000xxxxppe 1 6182009. Filler diameter mm in current amps alternate filler diameters mm in current amps 5 mm 316 1. Use of lanl welding procedures and welder qualifications for nonlanl work shall be at the. Explain the fundamentals and developments of shielded metal arc welding.
The associated n reference numbers second column are specified in iso 4063 in the european union published as en iso 4063. The american welding society, acting under ansi rules for consensus standards, publishes aws standard welding procedure specifications swpss which are initiated by the welding procedures committee of the welding. Filler metal is obtained from the electrode ansiaws a3. The welding of stainless steels international stainless steel. The associated n reference numbers second column are specified in iso 4063. Backgroundthe new ncpwb welding procedure specification numbering system clearly defines the type of metals to be welded, the welding process used and allows for identification of variations in a process. Applying shielded metal arc welding smaw techniques. This installation, operation, and maintenance of arc welding equipment and the. Sheilding is obtained from decomposition of the electrode covering. Iiw recommendations on post weld improvement of steel and. This forms the gas and slag to shield the arc and molten weld pool.
Check workspaces, walkways, and routing of welding cables to ensure no sliptrip hazards are present. Many times a combination of fume extraction, training, process change, andor consumable change is needed to reduce the amount of fume to acceptable levels. Before welding on a vehicle, test welds must be made to ensure proper weld quality and welding machine settings. While these or other proven methods are useful in predicting the heat input required for a given inservice welding application, they are not a substitute for procedure qualification see b.
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